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ACCENTORs

Order Passeriformes   Family Prunellidae - 1 genus

The accentors are all in a single genus Prunella. All but the Dunnock and the Japanese Accentor are inhabitants of the mountainous regions of Europe and Asia; these two also occur in lowland areas. This genus is not strongly migratory, but they will leave the coldest parts of their range in winter, and make altitudinal movements. These are small, fairly drab species superficially similar, but unrelated to, sparrows; they are generally regarded as being related to the thrushes or the warblers. They are 14 to 18 centimetres in length, and weigh between 25 and 35 grams. Accentors have thin sharp bills, reflecting their diet of ground-dwelling insects in summer, augmented with seeds and berries in winter. They may also swallow grit and sand to help their stomach break up these seeds.

Accentors spend the majority of their time in the undergrowth and even when flushed, stay low to the ground until reaching cover. Accentors may have two to three broods a year. Courtship consists of a great deal of song from the males, which may include short lark-like song flights to attract a mate. In most species, the male and female share in the nest making. They build neat cup nests and lay about 4 unspotted green or blue eggs.


Genus Prunella  Found: mainly Asia, also Europe

Accentor,_Alpine Prunella collaris  Found: Europe, Asia
The Alpine Accentor has streaked brown upperparts; gray head; red-brown spotting on underparts.
Image by:   1) Florian Schott   2) Koshy_Koshy  3) S. Walkowski  4) Agustin_Povedano


Accentor,_Black-throated   Prunella atrogularis  Found: Asia
The Black-throated Accentor has black-streaked brown back; black throat, crown, face patch; white supercilium; orange-tinged breast; white belly with orange stripes.
Image by: 1, 3) Imran_Shah - Pakistan  2) Francesco_Veronesi - Kazakhstan 


Accentor,_Brown   Prunella fulvescens  Found: Asia
The Brown Accentor has brown upperparts; white supercilium; black lores; buffy underparts.
Image by: 1) As_Kannan - India  2, 4) Imran_Shah - Pakistan  3) Francesco_Veronesi - Kazakistan


Accentor,_Himalayan also Altai Accentor  Prunella himalayana  Found: Asia
The Altai Accentor has grayish-brown upperparts with black streaks; gray head; rufous underparts with much white showing; belly mainly white.
Image by: 1)  Francesco_Veronesi - Kazakastan  2) Sergey_Yeliseev - Russia  3, 4) Imran_Shah - Pakistan


Accentor,_Japanese   Prunella rubida  Found: Japan, Russia
Image by: 1, 2) Alpsdake  3) watch-bird_Blogspot  3, 4, 5) Lin_Sun_Fong - Japan



Accentor,_Maroon-backed   Prunella immaculata  Found: Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal
The Maroon-backed Accentor unstreaked brown upperparts; unstreaked gray upper-mantle; underparts; darker gray head; black lores; yellow eyes.
Image by: 1) Dibyendu_Ash - India  2) Gkrishna63


Accentor,_Mongolian  also  Kozlov's Accentor   Prunella koslowi  Found: northern China, Mongolia
The Mongolian Accentor has light brown upperparts; streaking on back; plain brown head; buffy underparts.
Image by: 1)  Baatargal_Otgonbayar 


Accentor,_Radde's   Prunella ocularis  Found: Asia
Image by: 1)  Werner_Witte - Turkey  2) Vince_Smith - Turkey  3) Sergei_Drovetski - Armenia
1, 2) Female 3) Male


Accentor,_Robin   Prunella rubeculoides  Found: Asia
The Robin Accentor upperparts are mainly brown streaked with black; gray head, neck; reddish-orange upper-breast; pale buff belly.
Image by: 1)  As_Kannan - India 2) Fabrice_Stoger  3) Imran_Shah - Pakistan  4) Donald_Macauley


Accentor,_Rufous-breasted   Prunella strophiata  Found: Asia
The Rufous-breasted Accentro has white supercilium; reddish-orange upper-breast; pale buff belly.
Image by: 1)  Dibyendu_Ash - India   2, 3) Imran_Shah - Pakistan


Accentor,_Siberian  Prunella montanella  Found: Asia
The Siberian Accentor has streaked reddish-brown upperparts; dark crown, cheeks; buff supercilium; yellowish rusty-buff underparts.
Image by: 1) Jimfbleak  2) Dave_Curtis  3) Jargal_Lamjav - Mongolia  4) characters - China


Accentor,_Yemen or Arabian Accentor  Prunella fagani  Found: Yemen
The Yemen Accentor brown upperparts with black streaks; bold white supercilium;
Image by: 1)  Henrik_Gronvold  2) Mike


Dunnock also Hedge Accentor  Prunella modularis Found: Europe, Asia
The Dunnock has streaked sparrow-like back; gray head; brownish underparts.
Image by:   1) Cristiano Crolle - Cesano Maderno. Italy  2) Smalljim  3)) fra298  4) Pete_Beard




DIPPERS

Order Passeriformes   Family Cinclidae - 1 genus


The dippers are all in a single genus Cinclus. They are named for the dipping or bobbing motion. They are the only passerines that regularly swim underwater. They like to swim in moving water, particularly in streams. As with other birds that spend large amounts of time underwater, they have more red blood cells to aid in oxygen storage. All are stocky, with short wings and tails.


Genus Cinclus

Dipper,_American Cinclus mexicanus Found: western North America to Panama
The American Dipper has gray plumage; short neck, tail; large head.
Image by  1) Alan D. Wilson - British Columbia  2) Dominic Sherony 3) Eugene Beckes  4) Grant and Caroline - Colorado


Dipper,_Brown  also Asian Dipper  Cinclus pallasii  Found: mountains of southern and central Asia
The Brown Dipper has brown plumage.
Image by: 1) Alpsdake - Japan  1) M. Nishimura  2) Robert tdc  3) Imran_Shah - Pakistan


Dipper,_Rufous-throated  Cinclus schulzi  Found: Argentina, Bolivia
The Rufous-throated Dipper has mainly gray plumage; rufous throat, upper breast; dark gray bill.
Image by: 1) John Gerrard Keulemans  2, 3) Niick Athanas - Argentina


Dipper,_White-capped  Cinclus leucocephalus  Found: South America
The White-capped Dipper has dark brown upperparts; white head, throat.
Image by: 1) Scops  2) Dick Daniels - Machu Piccu, Peru 3) Niick Athanas - Ecuador  4) Francesco Veronesi - Columbia 


Dipper,_White-throated also European Dipper Cinclus cinclus  Found: Europe, Asia
The White-throated Dipper has slate-gray upperparts; brown head, wings, tail; white throat, upper-breast, legs, eyes.
Image by:  1) Martha Lantink  2) Andrew2606 - Cumbria, UK   3) Agustin_Povedano  4) Harald Olsen/NTNU




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